Helium

While this noble gas is the second most abundant element in the universe, it’s difficult to source on Earth. Only a handful of countries worldwide produce helium. Wyoming is a global leader in helium, producing about 20% of the world’s supply.

The Basics of Helium

Helium is a nonrenewable colorless and odorless gas that is typically recovered in natural gas deposits, like the ones found in Lincoln County, Wyoming. Helium is the most stable element and will not burn or react with others, which is why it is used as a safe gas for filling balloons. It has the lowest melting and boiling points of all elements on the periodic table. At -452 degrees Fahrenheit helium changes from a gas to a fluid. Helium’s uses go far beyond birthday parties. Its inert properties make it popular in various fields, from medicine to space exploration. In healthcare, helium is used in diagnostic tools like MRI machines and surgical lasers. The defense industry uses it for rocket engine testing, surveillance drones, missile guidance, and thermographic cameras. Manufacturers test products such as aerosols for leaks using helium. In nuclear energy, helium serves as a cooling agent in certain reactors. NASA employs helium to separate hot gases from ultra-cool liquid fuel during launch sequences.

Helium in Wyoming

The Shute Creek Gas Plant, in La Barge, Wyoming, owned and operated by ExxonMobil, discovered helium in the 1980s. It is now the largest supply in the United States, extracting 1.4 billion cubic feet per year of liquefied helium from the natural gas collected at the site, which is 20% of the world’s total helium production every year. At this rate of production, the reserves in La Barge will last another eighty years.

The Future of Helium

In recent years, ExxonMobil has expanded its helium operations in Wyoming, reflecting the increasing demand due to its use in technology applications. For the latest information on helium, see the additional resources below.